Class 10 - Social Science - Economics - Development
Class 10 – Social Science - Economics – Development
Question 1. What is Development? Explain its various aspects with suitable examples.
Answer 2. Development is the process of achieving a better quality of life, not just through higher income but also through social justice, dignity, and sustainability.
· Different People - Different goals: Development means different things to different people. A farmer may want higher crop prices, while a student may want better education opportunities.
· Income and non-income aspects: While income is important, development also includes non-
material aspects like equality, dignity, and freedom.
· Aspirations: Goals may differ or even conflict—for instance, industrialists may want dams for
electricity, while tribals may oppose them due to displacement.
· Indicators: Indicators of development are: Per capita income, literacy rate, infant mortality rate, life
expectancy, and Human Development Index (HDI) are used to compare countries.
· Sustainability: True development must ensure resources are preserved for future generations.
Thus, development is multidimensional—it is about economic growth, social equality, and environmental sustainability.
Question 2. What is Income?
Answer 2. Income is what people earn for living—through wages, salaries, profits, rents, or remittances. It is the most basic indicator of economic well-being and is often used to compare development across countries.
Question 3. What are the various Measures of Income (Indicators)?
Answer 3. The various Measures of Income (Indicators) are:
· National Income: The total income earned by all residents of a country in one year.
· Per Capita Income: Average income per person, calculated by dividing national income by population. It is widely used to compare countries.
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